Ongoing Houthi attacks from Yemen, including ballistic and cruise missile and drone strikes on Saudi targets such as Riyadh and Yanbu, represent the primary driver of airspace risk. Saudi forces have intercepted multiple projectiles in recent weeks, issuing temporary alerts for cities including Riyadh, Jeddah, and southern provinces while southern airports like Jazan, Abha, and Najran face repeated disruptions. Broader regional tensions tied to the Iran-related conflict have prompted diplomatic coordination among Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan, alongside flight restrictions affecting Iranian carriers. As of late September 2026, nationwide airspace remains open with commercial hubs operating, though localized alerts, interceptions, and potential escalation from Houthi naval actions or further strikes continue to shape assessments of closure probability.