President Trump has repeatedly considered or threatened to invoke the Insurrection Act during his second term to support immigration enforcement and address protests, most recently in January 2026 amid clashes in Minnesota following fatal shootings by ICE agents during deportation operations. Earlier discussions centered on anti-deportation demonstrations in Los Angeles in June 2025 and potential deployments in cities such as Portland and Chicago later that year, often to bypass court blocks on National Guard federalization under separate statutes. No invocation has occurred since 1992, with past reports recommending against it at the southern border. With 2026 midterms approaching, ongoing litigation over domestic troop use and state opposition continue to shape conditions under which the president might exercise this authority.